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Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a petition that is filed in the court seeking justice in an issue that has a larger public interest. It aims to give ordinary people access to justice to get a legal remedy for a greater cause.
Any individual or organization may, in its own capacity, submit PILs to the government to defend or enforce rights that belong to them or on behalf of disadvantaged and oppressed segments of society.
Thorough research should be done before submitting a PIL. When filing a PIL involving more than one person, it is important and best that the applicant consult with all relevant interest groups.
Once you have decided to file a PIL, gather all relevant information and documents to support your case. You can argue in person or appoint an advocate to defend the case. In any case, it is advisable to consult an advocate before filing a PIL.
Violation of basic human rights of the Individual
In regards to a government policy or its execution
If there is any violation of any religious rights
In case of violation of fundamental rights
In case of compelling a authority to perform a public duty
Service matters
Landlord-tenant matters
Matters concerning pension and gratuity
Petitions for early hearing of pending cases in High Court or lower courts
In the case of Admission to medical and other educational institutions
A Public Interest Litigation can only be filed against a Central Government, State government or any Municipal Authority and not against any Private Party
Public Interest Litigation (PIL) is a legal action taken in the public interest to address a social or environmental issue. It allows individuals or organizations to bring legal action on behalf of the general public, rather than just themselves or a specific group.
PIL can address a wide range of issues, including human rights violations, environmental degradation, corruption, and government inaction. It can be used to seek remedies such as policy changes, compensation, and criminal prosecution.
Anyone can file a PIL, including individuals, organizations, and NGOs. However, it's important to note that PIL cases are typically filed by people who are not directly affected by the issue in question, but have a genuine concern for public interest.
PIL cases are different from regular court cases in that they are filed for the public interest, rather than for the benefit of a specific individual or group. Additionally, PIL cases may have a broader scope, and may involve issues that have a wide impact on society.
A PIL can be filed on grounds of violation of fundamental rights, breach of public trust, or violation of any other legal right. In addition, PIL can also be filed in case of violation of statutory provisions or non-compliance of administrative instructions.
The court plays an active role in PIL cases, as it is responsible for determining the merit of the case and issuing appropriate remedies. The court may also appoint a commission or committee to investigate the issue and make recommendations.
Filing a false PIL is a serious matter, as it can cause unnecessary burden on the court and divert resources from genuine cases. It can also lead to contempt of court proceedings against the person filing the false PIL.